Arc Length Calculator

Arc Length Calculator

Calculate the distance along the curve of a circle given the radius and central angle.

Arc Length (s)
7.8540
Angle: 1.5708 rad • 90.00°

What is Arc Length?

Arc length is the distance along a curved line, which is in the case of a circle, a portion of the circumference. It represents the actual distance you would travel if you walked along the edge of the circular sector from one radius to the other.

Arc length is different from the straight-line distance (chord) between two points on a circle. It's used in many applications including calculating distances on maps, designing curved paths, and analyzing circular motion.

How to Calculate Arc Length

The Formula

s = θ × r

s = Arc length

θ (theta) = Central angle in radians

r = Radius of the circle

Important Notes

  • The angle MUST be in radians for the formula to work. If given in degrees, convert first: radians = degrees × (π/180)
  • The full circumference of a circle is 2πr, which corresponds to 2π radians (360°)
  • Arc length is always positive and measured along the curve

Worked Example

Problem: Find arc length for a circle with radius 5 and central angle 90°

Given:r = 5 units, θ = 90°
Step 1:Convert angle to radians: 90° × (π/180) = π/2 ≈ 1.5708 rad
Step 2:Apply formula: s = θ × r = 1.5708 × 5 ≈ 7.8540 units
Answer:Arc length ≈ 7.8540 units

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between arc length and chord length?

Arc length is measured along the curve of the circle. Chord length is the straight-line distance between two points. Arc length is always ≥ chord length.

Why do I need to convert degrees to radians?

The formula s = θ × r only works when θ is in radians. Radians are defined so arc length equals the angle times radius.

How is arc length related to circumference?

Arc length is a portion of circumference. When angle = 2π radians, arc length = 2πr (full circumference).

Can arc length be negative?

No, arc length is always positive. It's a distance measurement, not a vector.

What if the angle exceeds 360° or 2π?

The formula still works. The arc wraps around the circle multiple times. Arc length = θ × r regardless.

What are real-world applications?

Arc length is used in physics (circular motion), engineering (curved structures), and cartography (map distances).

How do I find arc length from just chord length?

You need additional info like radius or central angle. Chord length alone doesn't uniquely determine arc length.

Is arc length proportional to radius?

Yes, for a fixed angle, arc length is directly proportional to radius. Doubling radius doubles arc length.

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