Catenary Curve Calculator

Catenary Curve Calculator

Calculate the height, arc length, slope, curvature, and vertex of a catenary curve from the standard hanging-cable model.

Last updated: June 2026 | By Patchworkr Team

Catenary Solver

Live results update as you type

Parameter a needs a real number.

This model assumes the catenary is centered at x = 0 and that parameter a is positive.
Results
Enter a and x to calculate the curve.

What Is a Catenary?

A catenary is the curve formed by a hanging chain or cable under its own weight. It is not the same as a parabola.

The standard equation is y = a * cosh(x / a), where a controls how tight or flat the curve is.

The lowest point occurs at x = 0, with y = a.

Catenary Formulas

Curve
y = a * cosh(x / a)
Arc Length
s = a * sinh(x / a)
Slope
dy/dx = sinh(x / a)
Curvature
k = a / y^2

How to Read the Result

  1. Enter the shape parameter a.
  2. Enter the horizontal position x measured from the center.
  3. Use the right-hand panel to read the curve height and derived values.
  4. Check the vertex to confirm the lowest point of the model.

Worked Example

With a = 20 and x = 15, the height is 20 * cosh(15/20) = 22.722... .

y = 22.722...
Arc length = 15.729...
Tangent angle = 36.87 deg

The curve rises above its lowest point at x = 0, and the tangent angle matches the slope at that point.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why must a be positive?

A positive a keeps the model physically meaningful and avoids a flipped or invalid scale factor in this tool.

Can x be negative?

Yes. The catenary is symmetric, so negative x values work just like positive ones.

Is the curvature formula exact?

Yes. For y = a * cosh(x / a), the curvature simplifies to a / y^2.

Does the vertex always stay at x = 0?

In this centered model, yes. The lowest point is at (0, a).

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