Convert between DMS (Degrees, Minutes, Seconds) and decimal degrees format. Essential for navigation, surveying, and geographic coordinates.
Last updated: March 2026 | By Patchworkr Team
DMS (Degrees, Minutes, Seconds) is a coordinate notation system used to express angular measurements. It divides each degree into 60 minutes, and each minute into 60 seconds, similar to how we measure time.
For example, the latitude coordinate 40° 26' 46" N represents 40 degrees, 26 minutes, and 46 seconds North. This format is commonly used in navigation, surveying, astronomy, and geographic information systems (GIS).
Decimal degrees, on the other hand, express the same angle as a single decimal number (e.g., 40.446111°). This format is often preferred in modern digital systems and calculations because it's easier to work with mathematically.
To convert from DMS to decimal degrees, use this formula:
Example: 40° 26' 46" = 40 + (26 / 60) + (46 / 3600) = 40.446111°
To convert from decimal degrees to DMS:
Example: 40.446111° = 40° + 0.446111° = 40° + 26.76666' = 40° 26' 46"
Converting GPS Coordinates: Statue of Liberty
This decimal format can be directly entered into most GPS devices and mapping applications.
DMS is traditional in navigation and surveying, making it easier to visualize subdivisions. It's also the standard in many nautical charts and aviation maps.
Yes, the degrees value can be negative to indicate direction (e.g., -40° 26' 46" represents south or west). Typically, only the degrees are negative, not minutes or seconds.
One second of arc represents about 30 meters (100 feet) at the equator. For higher precision, decimal seconds can be used (e.g., 46.123").
N = North latitude, S = South latitude, E = East longitude, W = West longitude. These replace negative signs for direction.
First convert to decimal degrees, then multiply by π/180. Example: 40.446111° × (π/180) = 0.706 radians.
Minutes and seconds must be between 0-59. Degrees range from 0-90 for latitude and 0-180 for longitude.
Most modern GPS devices can display both formats and allow you to choose your preference in the settings.
Decimal seconds (e.g., 46.23") are treated the same way - just include the decimal portion in your calculation.