Byte Conversion Calculator

Byte Conversion Calculator

Convert between bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, and more. Supports both decimal (KB, MB) and binary (KiB, MiB) units.

2026-03-28T00:00:00Z

Convert Data Units

Enter a value to see the conversion

What are Bytes?

A byte is a unit of digital information that consists of 8 bits. It's the fundamental building block for measuring data storage and transfer in computing. One byte can represent 256 different values (2^8), enough to store a single character in ASCII encoding.

As data grows, we use larger units: kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), terabytes (TB), and petabytes (PB). However, there's an important distinction between decimal units (base-1000) and binary units (base-1024). The decimal system is used for marketing storage devices, while binary units reflect how computers actually organize memory.

For example, a "1 TB" hard drive advertised by manufacturers (1,000,000,000,000 bytes) shows up as about 931 GiB in your operating system because computers use the binary definition (1 TiB = 1,024^4 bytes = 1,099,511,627,776 bytes).

Understanding Data Units

Decimal vs Binary Units

Decimal (SI) - Base 1000

1 KB = 1,000 bytes
1 MB = 1,000 KB = 10^6 bytes
1 GB = 1,000 MB = 10^9 bytes
1 TB = 1,000 GB = 10^12 bytes
1 PB = 1,000 TB = 10^15 bytes

Used by: Hard drive manufacturers, network speeds, SI standard

Binary (IEC) - Base 1024

1 KiB = 1,024 bytes
1 MiB = 1,024 KiB = 2^20 bytes
1 GiB = 1,024 MiB = 2^30 bytes
1 TiB = 1,024 GiB = 2^40 bytes
1 PiB = 1,024 TiB = 2^50 bytes

Used by: Operating systems, RAM, actual computer memory

Common Conversions

1 byte = 8 bits
1 MB = 1,000 KB (decimal)
1 MiB = 1,024 KiB (binary)
1 GB = 0.931 GiB
1 TB = 931 GiB
1000 GB = 1 TB (decimal)

Example Conversion

Convert 1024 MB to GB:

Given:
Value: 1024 MB
Step 1:
Convert MB to bytes:
1024 MB × 1,000,000 bytes/MB = 1,024,000,000 bytes
Step 2:
Convert bytes to GB:
1,024,000,000 bytes ÷ 1,000,000,000 bytes/GB = 1.024 GB
Result:
1.024 GB
Note: If using binary units (GiB), the result would be exactly 1.0 GiB because 1024 MiB = 1 GiB

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is my 1TB drive showing as 931GB?

Manufacturers use decimal (1 TB = 1,000 GB) while operating systems use binary (1 TiB = 1,024 GiB). A 1 TB drive has 1 trillion bytes, which equals 931 GiB in binary. This is normal, not a defect.

Which units should I use?

Use decimal (KB, MB, GB) when discussing storage devices, network speeds, or file sizes in marketing. Use binary (KiB, MiB, GiB) when working with RAM, system memory, or technical specifications in programming.

What's the difference between Mb and MB?

Mb (lowercase 'b') = megabit, MB (uppercase 'B') = megabyte. Since 1 byte = 8 bits, 1 MB = 8 Mb. Internet speeds use Mb/s (megabits per second), while file sizes use MB (megabytes).

How much storage do I need?

It depends on usage: Documents need KB-MB, photos need MB, videos need GB, and large collections or 4K video need TB. Cloud storage and external drives can supplement internal storage.

Can I mix decimal and binary units?

Technically yes, but it causes confusion. Stick to one system per context. Operating systems typically show binary, while marketing uses decimal. This calculator handles both and converts between them.

What's a petabyte?

A petabyte (PB) is 1,000 terabytes or 1 million gigabytes. It's used for massive data centers, scientific research, and enterprise storage. For reference, 1 PB could store ~500 billion pages of text.

Why do computers use base-2?

Computers use binary (base-2) because digital circuits have two states: on/off, true/false, 1/0. Powers of 2 (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024...) align with how computers organize and address memory.

Is 1000 or 1024 correct?

Both are correct in different contexts! 1000 (decimal) is the SI standard, while 1024 (binary) reflects computer architecture. The IEC introduced KiB, MiB, GiB to distinguish, but confusion persists.

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